boot ROM:

Used in routers to put the router into bootstrap mode. Bootstrap mode then boots the device with an operating system. The ROM can also hold a small Cisco IOS. [TOC]

configuration register:

A 16-bit configurable value stored in hardware or software that determines how Cisco routers function during initialization. In hardware, the bit position is set using a jumper. In software, it is set by specifying specific bit patterns used to set startup options, configured using a hexadecimal value with configuration commands.[TOC]

Flash:

Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-only Memory (EEPROM). Used to hold the Cisco IOS in a router by default. [TOC]

Ping:

packet Internet groper: A UNIX-based Internet diagnostic tool, consisting of a message sent to test the accessibility of a particular device on the IP network. The acronym ( from which the "full name" was formed ) reflects the underlying metaphor of submarine sonar. Just as sonar operator sends out a signal and waits to hear it echo ("ping") back from a submerged object, the network user can ping another node on the network and wait to see if it responds. [TOC]

RAM:

random access memory: Used by all computers to store information. Cisco routers use RAM to store packet buffers and routing tables, along with the hardware addresses cache. [TOC]

ROM:

read-only memory: Chip used in computers to help boot the device. Cisco routers use a ROM chip to load the bootstrap, which runs a power-on self test, and then find and load the IOS in flash memory by default. [TOC]

Telnet:

The standard terminal emulation protocol within TCP/IP protocol stack. Method of remote terminal connection, enabling users to log in on remote networks and use those resources as if they were locally connected. Telnet is defined in RFC 854. [TOC]

TFTP host:

Conceptually, a stripped down version of FTP, it's the protocol of choice if you know exactly what you want and where it's to be found. TFTP doesn't provide the abundance of functions that FTP does. In particular, it has no directory browsing abilities; it can do nothing but send and receive files. [TOC]

trace:

IP command used to trace the path a packet takes through an internetwork. [TOC]